Bone cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the body's bone tissue. Bones have important functions in the body such as support, movement, and producing blood cells.
Bone cancer usually occurs as a result of abnormal cell growth and division in the bones. This disease can occur in different types. Primary types of bone cancer, such as osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma, start directly in the bones. In addition, metastatic bone cancer is a condition that occurs when cancer cells in other organs spread to the bones.
With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, bone cancer can be curable. However, despite treatment, in some cases, the cancer may recur. Therefore, regular health checks and sensitivity to symptoms are important. Patients can improve their quality of life by receiving physical and emotional support during the treatment process.
Bone cancer includes a group of rare cancer types that can occur in different types. Each type originates from specific cells in bone tissue and has different characteristics. Here is general information about the types of bone cancer:
Osteosarcoma: Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that usually occurs in the bones of the limbs. It is common in young people, especially in adolescence. They can be fast-growing tumors and usually develop in large bones such as the knee, arm, or thigh.
Chondrosarcoma: Chondrosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that originates from cartilage cells. This type usually occurs in older individuals and usually occurs in places such as the hip, shoulder, or pelvis.
Ewing Sarcoma: Ewing sarcoma is a type of bone cancer that usually occurs among teenagers and young adults. It can occur in the bones or soft tissues. It is a type that shows rapid growth and often affects large bones such as the thigh or hip.
Fibrosarcoma: Fibrosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that arises from connective tissue. It usually occurs in older individuals and usually occurs in areas such as the jaw or leg.
Metastatic Bone Cancer: This type occurs when cancer cells from other organs spread to the bones. Secondary tumors can occur in the bones and are often called metastatic bone cancer.
The causes of bone cancer are complex and often involve conditions that cannot be fully determined. However, scientists state that some risk factors may increase the likelihood of developing bone cancer. The main causes are as follows:
The presence of these factors may increase an individual's likelihood of developing bone cancer, but the exact causes are still unclear. However, minimizing these risk factors and undergoing regular health checks can contribute to the early detection and treatment of bone cancer. In case of any suspicious symptoms, it is important to contact a health professional.
Bone cancer is diagnosed with various medical imaging and laboratory tests. This process is determined by considering the patient's symptoms, physical examination findings, and risk factors. Imaging tests include methods such as X-ray, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MR). These tests are used to detect abnormalities and tumors in the bones.
Screening methods such as bone scintigraphy or positron emission tomography (PET) are important to assess the spread of cancer in the bones. To confirm the diagnosis, a biopsy is usually performed. This involves taking a small sample of tissue from a suspicious bone site. The tissue sample is examined under a microscope to determine the type, aggressiveness, and other characteristics of the cancer.
Blood tests can evaluate certain proteins and biochemical markers that may be associated with cancer. These tests can help to detect the presence of cancer or monitor response to treatment. The diagnostic process usually involves a multidisciplinary approach and may require the cooperation of a team of specialists. The diagnosis of bone cancer is based on the patient's general health and the type and stage of the tumor. Early diagnosis contributes to more effective treatment options. In any suspicious situation, it is important to contact a health professional.
Bone cancer treatment is a process planned according to the general health status of the patient, the type, size, and spread of the tumor, and the stage of cancer. Treatment may usually include surgical intervention, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapies. Surgical intervention usually aims to remove the tumor completely. Some or all of the affected bone area may be surgically removed. Surgical intervention may vary depending on the type and spread of the tumor.
Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill or stop the growth of cancer cells. Chemotherapeutic drugs are usually given intravenously and target cancer cells by reaching all cells in the body. Radiotherapy aims to destroy cancer cells through the use of high-energy rays. It can be administered before or after surgical intervention and focuses on the tumor site and tries to neutralize cancer cells.
Targeted therapies include drugs designed for specific targets. They aim to achieve effective results by focusing on preventing the growth and division of cancer cells. The treatment plan is determined by a specialist oncology team and a customised approach is adopted for each patient. In this process, patients work closely with a healthcare professional throughout the treatment process. For more information, please contact Medwide.
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Bone cancer can put pressure on surrounding tissues or organs when it progresses, but direct limb loss due to bone cancer is rare. Today, advanced treatment methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy are used to control the tumor.
Cryoablation is a treatment method that aims to neutralize cancer cells by freezing them. It can be used in bone cancer treatment, especially to target small tumors and protect the bone tissue. In this method, cooling gas or liquid is injected into the tumor site through a special device, which freezes the tumor cells and causes them to die.
Bone cancer usually starts in bone tissue. Bones form the skeletal system of the body and this disease, which is caused by abnormal growth and proliferation of bone cells, usually develops inside the bones. The starting point can be anywhere in the bones, but it tends to occur in long bones (for example, the leg bone or arm bone) or large bones such as the hip, spine, and shoulder.
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